Type-writing machine.



E. M. CRAWFORD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE, Arrmonlox TILED MAY 3, 1911.

Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. ORAWPORD. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 3, 1911.

1,01%959. Patented 1 915.20, 1912.

, 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M 112255555: fin/Ezzzar W, E/WMMaW M Q I J 7 a SHEETS-SHEET 3,

fizz/5222b? I Z'JWa/dMGw Q d I MW Batehted Feb. 20,1912.

E. MT CRAWFORD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLIQATION FILED MAY 3, 1911.

I f. new

U ij' umitl Nei l e18,

own thatf'L'jE I 11 1 of theUnited States, residln lfll ZQile, the Isthmus o j 'iIivnteQl'centain new an duse 1 to impiyovements in es, and more particuto the our ge and escapement ;;r i nismzr r zm kings, wher y he beh-djusted or 5%, w ei'eby the i t v pn p s ilgs h @speed bly'jp 'oviding means i fipeliientl "mechanism will wh spatje bar. is struck yiding'ineans, whereby ybest 'uckat thesame' moment. ii uz i m ithlm las f e of ,word,

ch -necessarily; employed for spacing ween wordsr in tysrw'vritm'g' ma:

wP n =h-- uble pafee. wh11'either key or are 's'tr'n'ckbn d p 's d thereby between" letters' as yell as v y .a fi g meains whei'eby the fiescgpement mechonism a will intermittent-lyfinove; ,t e c giag a ai struck for depressed as n I tip gationof type-writig ch ,lbu h I y "inv t on p12 tha'veshi v tea-same 0 pi z t i b is; controlled a 'iid hot/optedby suitel mi i ti ndepe d n f as one comprising 'a b the I 'front st ike I v hangeps carl ied bybsskgtioi machin ted ln one'f faecompanyingfflpe and orticulorly pointed out v in the appended plums Referringflto the drsw'ing'sfiorming'a part of this specificetionyFigurel, is a. vertical .Jsectional, view of "a, type-writer embodying the improvements of this epplic'ation. Fig, 2, a detail perspective view of thewescapes ;ment mechanism. Fig. l3, a. pegpzctive 4 view ofthe stop or detentflme ch'an fond the space control and miilatingmechmi'sm pfoi cooperating therewit ini-regi latingflthe 6'6 intermittent spacing action riageby the carriagef' fed'ifind-zescapement mechanism. Fig. 4, a detail ftsp'jeetive 'view of the typebar gctuatiumvefs gl' be: 7 connected to' nd e06 l atif ag es p m nt a i n sp t-iw i one of lthe typegba s illilstfl in which-it is adapted to coo universal bar shown in Fig- 4 1g. -t,;. reiir view of a portion of the; writer frame illustrating a modified form of space control and regqlatingf meehanism v'for-cm operating vvithqth flfeed and a capement meehuiiism ho ing figuyes offth Ati'tw I, elevat on" qfii the'l'jsemei it p the .typewi'iter framilbeing' shown in col section. 1 Fig view, illustrating nism a e-merit writerframe;

mm I able form of typex'yriter 110b, or pexamse ame-:';-1-, i with vertigal extensions or Standhrriitfiup? porting nsecon'd 'on',ppper"- --*franie'.. o 1 iny' 1 suitable. and-convenient form -asr foriei-a -a'mple dne'luding a. segment 3', ted to:

support theuouter. or freezsends ofst e type ,1. t qglgtt'er being. provided" ith slut-f able bearings 5,' an is ipported vlim uitatile" i'rameuo t pe crank of the upper frame or segment 3,.said crank 8 lever members bein' connected to a plurality'of key'or lever are 9, by means of link bars or rods 10. T

The key bars 9, may be suitably mounted or fulcrumed at the rear of the base frame 1, s

10 and as a for carrying the ribbon 11, in (proper, position in front of the platen 12, Y an direct y in frontof the printing point off the type carried by the type bars as the latter areoperated, a univers cross bar 13, may bearranged beneath the key bars, said cross bar being, adapted to su port and move the ribbonby means of a .ri bon holder 14, adjustably connected to a vertical bar or rod 15 through the medium of: an adjustingebolt 16',' said ar orrod being adapted to 0scillated by means of a mounted lever member 17, suitably'connected to the cross bar 13, as for" example, by means of a bearing standard or arm 18.. v I

Asa means for c ient the feed and es- --ca pement mech anism hereinafter described, with: 6301139 'rationor oscillation of each 1 .bar and just before the latter reaches t e printing'lpoint on the platen, a universal bar orlever member 19, is mountedupon a upper frame' portion-ii, of themachine. The upper orftee end-of the universal bar or member 19, is provided with a strike or an- 86,141 portion. 19 adaptedto receive and be operated-by the upper or ifree'end portion of individual bar just before reachthe 'rinting point. If'desired the strike vifporti or an on 19, maybe provided with a notch I orbifurcation -to receive a strike or guide projection 4Fof each t bar as ilIus-" hatedmost clearly" in ri sifima 5, of the -he universalbar .or member19, is'nory heldin the position indicated in Fig. c *1, of the drawings, by means of a s connected to the frame portion 3, o the ma- :hme a A v baror'member' 19, is con-- 4 i9; nectedto the; carriage feed or escapement meahs, of" a. v connecting rod or adjustablyconnected to a crank arm 28, of an screw or bolt 24 in a sleevefportion' 23', of the am .saldz'erankcarm being. mounted 1 on a rock shaft 25,1nounted-in suitable bear 1 ngsa'tthe rear vofthe-frame portion 3, and

' "gasecond crank arm 26, adapted v.- -tofbe operated through the spacin lever or bar as hereinafter-described. he rock shaft 25, with the parts carried thereby, to-

er with ,the universal bar 19, are furby means of a arranged, in the present instance, on

- in the normal position indicatedm Fig. 1,"of'the one end to anarm or projection 28, extending from the rocker arm 32, said sgrin being connected at the. other end to a rac et member 29, carried by the lug portion 30, of the machine frame.

The carriage feed. or escapement mechanism comprises a stationary. lugorblock member 30, extending from thezup r frame portion 3, and carrying one end 0' the rock shaft 25, by means'of an adjusting bolt 31, forming a conical shaped bearin recess 31", for, the conical shapedend-of sai rock shaft 25, as shown most clearly in Fig. .3, of the drawings. An escapement' dog block or rocker member 32, is carried by the rock shaft 25, said dog block or rocker member carrying a dog wheel 33, provided with dog or detent members 33', adapted to be brought into' alternateengagement with two rows of alternately arranged ratchet teeth 34", and

a companion ratchet wheels 34, and 35 re;

spectivelya It is obvious, however, that a v I single ratchet wheel provided with two rows 5 of teeth 34, and 35, might be readily sub- I stituted. A shaft or s indle 36, is suitably 5 mounted on the upper, rame of the machine, E said shaft or'spindle being adapted to carry 1 the ratchet wheels at one end, and beingiprovi'ded with a pinion 37 ,adapted to engage a rack 38, of t pivot or bearing portion 20, carried by the 1 e carria e. As the rock shaft 25 s'oscillated through 'the medium of the universal bdr-orfllever' i member 19, and its connections as above described, it is apparent that the lateral or oscillatory movement of the rockermember i32,and dog wheel 33, will cause the detent members 33, to be thrown into and out vof engagement with the ratchet teeth 34", and 35, whereb the ratchet wheel and shaft I will b8 ,stood-manner' at each printing stroke of a "type'barl operate in a well known and under- As a' means for operating the escapement mechanism through the medium of the spacer baror lever 39, a crank lever memring '21, v

ber 40, is mounted upon a pivot member or shaft41, said crank lever member 40, and v shaft or pivot member 41, carrying a second lever 42 the latter lever being designed for use in (A double space as hereinafter described. The Y crank lever shaft 41, is connected at the ends to the spacer bar-39, by means of connectin links 43, and the lever member 40 communic'ates with the second crank arm 26, on the rock shaft 25, through the medium of a connectini using the escapement mechanism to rod'or' link 44, one end of'said rod or lin being adjustably connected to the :crank arm '26, through an adjusting screw or bolt 26". The lower-end of the connecting or link 44, is provided with a slot or re: cess '44, taking over aguide pin-10*, on ans end of the crank lever 40, so; that when the space bar or lever 39, is depressed or operated-it will move said "guide pin 40* up- 1. 0 1

wardly, carrying the connecting rod or link 44, in a similar direction thus operating the rock shaft 25, and rocker or dog meinber 32,

in cotiperative relation to the carriage feed universal bar or member 19, will be inde pendent of the crank lever 40,- and its con nections with thespacer bar 39, so that the latter will not be operated simultaneously with said type bar actuated universal bar or lever member 19. 4

As a means, for stopping and releasing the dog wheel 33, as well as providing means whereby in one adjustment the esca-pement mechanism will double space when the space 'bar alone-is struck or depressed, or whereby a second adjustment may be secured which will cause the escapement. mechanism to double spacewhen' either a key or space bar is struck ordeprssed, a stationary dog or detent 45, is provided on one side of the'stationary lug or block member 30, and a movable dog or detent 46, is pivotally mounted and adapted to be normally held in alinement with thestationary dog or detent'45, by resting on a stop plate47, carried by the block member 30. During the normal or single spacing operationof the escapement mechanism-the detent members 45 and 46, are in alinement'with each other so that during the oscillation of the escape block or rocker member '32, and dog Wheel 33, the latter will not be revolved upon its pivot but be held in a stationary position as the detent member 33*, is slidably moved on the upper face sides of the dogs or detents 45 and 46, and as the other dog or detent mem-,

ber 33 of the dog wheel is thrown into and out of engagement With the alternately arranged ratchet teeth 34 and 35.

As a means for permitting the return movement of'the carriage frdm left to right the movable dogor detent 46, is. provided I with a resilient tip portion 46*, carried andsupported by means ofa spring 46", so that when. the detent members 33*, of the dog wheel 33 are brought under the resilient tip portion 46" in the opposite movement of the dog wheel, said tip portion 46 will be elevated against the resistance of the spring 46*, to permit the detent members 33, to pass. The movable dog or detent 46. is :held downwardly in alinement with the stationary dog or detent 45,

against the resistance of an expansion spring 48-, byuimeans "of a lever member having za cam ihead 49*, taking ofver and eni )gagmg the free end the movable dog or .detent :and -'normally held in engagement '65 therewith by the action of-a coiled spring The a lever member 49, is pivotally mounted in bearing lugs 51, extending from the stationary block 30, and the free end of the stationarymember 49,,is connected to a vertically arranged link bar 52, through the medium of a connecting link 53.

, fItwill be obvious that if the free end of the lever member 49, is depressed, the removal of the cam head 49, from its supporting position in contact with the adjacent end of the movable dog or detent 46 will cause the resilient tip portion 46, to be elevated by the action of the expansion spring 48, and consequently during the return of the detent member 33, of the dog wheel 33, from the stationary dog'or detent 45, said detent member will clear the free or resilient tip portion .46, passing under the latter and thus permitting the dog wheel 33, to escape or be moved rearwardly to next detent-memher 33 thus causing a double spacing action to be imparted to the carriage feed or ratchet wheel and its connections.

As a means for adjusting the link bar 52, and its connections whereby to regulate the spacing through the escapement mechanism as above referred to, the lower end of the. link bar is provided with an eye 52*, extending through a slot 54 in the lower or base frame of the machine, and as a means for shifting the lower or eye portion of the link bar for various adjustments the shift or key bar 55, is slidably mounted in brackets 56, and is provided with a sleeve portion 55*, loosely surrounding the link bar 52. One end of the shift bar 55, is p'rovided with a key portion 57, and as a means forlocking said shift bar 55, in various positions, notches 58, 59, and 60, are provided on the lower side thereof, said notches being adapted to be engaged by a key lever bar 61, pivotally mountedat one end of the frame portion of the machine, and at the other or free end provided with a key 62, and a spring 63, adapted to elevate and normally hold the key lever bar 61, in engagement with said notches of the shift key bar 55, when the latter is adjusted.

When the shift or key bar 55, is moved inwardly so that the key lever bar 61, is in engagement with the notch 58, said key bar 55,

has carried the slotted portion of the eye 52*, A

of the link bar 52, under the free end ofthe lever 42, carried on the shaft member 41, so that when thespace bar or lever 39, is depressed the free end of the lever 42, will likewise be depressed, thus pulling down the free end of the cam lever member 49,whereby the escapementmechanism will double space when the space bar is struck as abovev explained. By shifting the shift or key bar 55, so as to bring the intermediate notch 59 into engagement with the key lever bar 61, it will be obvious that the slotted eye52,- of the link bar 52, will be carried over the projecting nose portion 64, of the stationary bracket 64, thus clearing the free end of the lever 42, so that the cam lever member 49, will remain in its normal position, and the escapement mechanism will intermittently move the carriage but a single space when either the key or space bars are struck or depressed as in the ordinary operation of type-writing machines now in common use. By shifting the key bar 55, so that the notch 60, is brought into alinement with the key lever bar 61, the slotted portion'of the eye 52*, of the link bar 52, will be moved downwardly over the inclined portion of the stationary brackets 64, and rest or be' seated on the notched portion'64", of the stationary bracket, thus depressing the lever member 49, and holding the latter in a permanent depressed position, whereby the escapement mechanism wilhdouble space when either key or space bars are struck or depressed.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show another form of the space control mechanism, as follows: As a means for permitting the return movement of the carriage from left to right, the movable dog 46 is provided with a resilient tip portion 46 carried and supported by means of a spring 46 so that when the detent members 33 of the dog-wheel 33 are brought under the resilient tip portion 46, said tip portion will be elevated against the resistance of the spring 46 to permit the detent members 33 to pass. The movable dog 46,

is held normally in alinementwith the stationary dog or detent 45, against the resistance of an expansion spr1ng'48, by means of a bar or rod 8l,-vert1cally mounted in an opening of the bracket 51 of the lug 30 and in an opening of the bracket 82 of the frame, the head of the rod 81 engaging the free end of the movable dog 46 and being normally held in engagement therewith b the action of an expansion spring 67 Working between the cross-pin 66 in the rod 81 and the bracket 82 on the rear part of the main frame. It

Will be obvious that if the rod 81 is depressed, thedownward movement of the rod from its supportingposition-in contact with the movable dog 46 at its under surface, will cause the resilient tip portion46" to be elevated by the action of the expansion spring 48,as the dog-wheel 33 slidably moves off the movable dog 46, and upon the return of the dog-wheel 33 to the movable dog 46 the said movable dogs detent portion 46 beingv elevated it will therefore come overthe detent member 33* of the dog-wheel, and the next detent member 33 will be forced against the upper surface of the detent member or resilient tip portion 46 the pressure of the carriage communicated by the ratchet wheel 34. As a means for adjusting the rod or bar 81 and its connections whereby to regulate 'the spacing through the escapement mechanism 'as above referred to, the lower tension piece 70 is provided with an adjustable arm 76, fastened to the extension piece 70-by a set screw 7 6 the normal position of said arm 76 being beneath the end of the lever 42 at 42. The extension piece 70 is passed through a sleeve cam 71 attached beneath a slot in the base of frame portion 1. The cam 71 is provided with an annular working face comprising about i of its surface in a horizontal plane, of the remaining 9; of its surface is also a horizontal plane forming its lower working surface, the-distance between the two surfaces being connected by an inclined screw surface, and in the operation of cam --71 the pin 77 of the extension piece 70 moves along the 3, surface,

and thence along the inclined screw surface the upper eiid ofthe extension piece 70 engages a vertical rod or pin 68 in itsslotted portion, the pin 68 being rigidly attached to a horizontal bar 74 slidably mounted in suitable brackets 72 and 73. One end of the bar 74 is racked so as to engage a pinion 78 from which pinion extends a spindle 79 to the front part of the machine, the spindle 7 9' being'suitably supported where it enters the frame in, the rear of the machine and where it exits from the frame in the front of. the

.machine. The front end of the spindle 79 is provided with a crank arm 80, said crank arm being situated against the front frame ofthe machine and just above the keyboard where it can be easily set by the typewriter operator to its different positions marked S C and D By turning thecrank arm 80 it is obvious that the spindle 79 with its pinion 78 will turn moving the racked bar 74, which through the pin 68 will move the horizontal slotted arm 69 thus turning the rod 81. I

In adjusting the spacing mechanism the crank arm 80 is set on C, in its upright position. The extension piece 70 is then slipped through the center of the cam 71 and the upper end of the extension piece is slipped on to the end of the rod 81 with the arm 69 extending out directly in the rear the slotted portion of arm 69 engaging the vertical pin 68, and then the set screw 69 is fastened. The cam 71 is then set so that the pin 77 of theextension piece 70, is on the 5; working surface of the cam 71 just at its junction with theinclined screw surface, the head of .rod 81' being at the same time well up against the under surface of the movtion C it is now said to'be set on its word spacing position, for it is obvious that if the Space bar 39 is struck it will bring down the lever 42, its end 42 engaging the lever 76 thus pulling the bar 81 down from its supporting position in contact with the movable dog 46 at the moment the dogwheel 33 is clear of same thus allowing the resilient tip portion 46 to be elevated andto clear one of the detent members 63 of said dog-wheel, the spring 67 pulling up the rod 81 upon the release of the space bar and thus allowing the type keys to be struck while the movable dog is held in alinement I with the stationary dog 45 a single spacing o eration only occurring as long as the mova le dog is in this position the detent member 33 only sliding back and forth on the dogs 45 and 46.

By turning the crank arm 80 to the right and setting it on D the spacing mechanism will now be set permanently in the double spacing operation, for the pinion 78 in turning to the right moves the racked'bar 74 in, which, by its vertical pin 68 engaging the slotted arm 69 moves said arm in and thus turning the bar 81 and its extension piece 70, the arm 76 of the extension piece 70 moving clear of the end of the lever 42 and the pin 77 of the extension .piece 70 moving on to the inclined screw surface of the cam 71 and thence on to the lower horizontal surface of said cam thus locking it and preventing the bar 81 from returning to its supporting position in contact with the movable dog-46, for the pin 77 in moving along the inclined screw surface on to the lower horizontal surface of cam 71, pulls the bar 81 down, and it is obviousthat with bar 81 permanently downand away from the movable dog 46, that the said movable'dog 46' is free to elevate its resilient tip portion 46 at every oscillation of the rocker arm 32, that is, whenever the keybars are struck or the space bar is struck, the space bar now operating the rocker arm through the medium of the link bar 44 as hereinbefore described.

When the crank arm 80 is turned to the left and set on S, itis evident from the description of-parts hereinbefore set forth that the racked bar 74 will be pulled to the right by the pinion 78 and in such movement it will carry the slotted arm 69 with it, thus turning the bar 81 and its extension piece 70 in the opposite direction as described whenthe crank arm was turned to the right and set on D. In this opposite movement the pin 77 will be carried away from the inclined screw surface of,the cam 71 remaining on its upper horizontal surface thus not affecting the position of the bar 81, the head of which remains in contact with the movable dog 46 and supporting it, but in the turning movement of the extension piece 70 the arm 76 is earned away from the end of the lever 42 thus allowing the lever 42 to operate freely and not affecting the arm 76, wherefore it is seen that the movable dog 46 is thus held permanently in alinement with the stationary dog 45, and that at every oscillation of the rocker arm 32ncne of the detent members 33 will be released but said rocker arm with its dog wheel 33 and its detent member 33 willslidably move back and forth and the escapement mechanism will intermittently move the carriage but a single space when either the key or space bar is struck or dewriting machines now in common use.

Havmg thus described an embodiment of my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by "Letters Patent is,,,

1. In a type-writing machine, carriage feed and escapement mechanism including an escapement wheel having two rows of alternately arranged ratchet teeth, and a rocker carrying a dog wheel in cotiperative relation to said ratchet teeth, and space control and regulating mechanism operatively connected therewith.

2. In'a type writmg machine, the combination with the carriage feed and escape ment mechanism thereof. including an escapement wheel, and a rocker carrying a dog wheel in cotiperative relation to said escapement wheel; of a space control'and regulating mechanism operativcly connected with said escapement mechanism.

In a type-writing machine, carriage feed and escapement mechanism, including an escapement wheel having two rows of alternately arranged ratchet teeth, and a rocker carrying a dog wheelin cotiperative relationto said ratchet teeth, space control mechanism connected therewith, and means for regulating'and operatin rsaid space control mechanism.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with carriage feed and escapement mechanism including an escapement wheel having two 'rows of alternately arranged ratchet teeth and a rocker carrying a dog wheel in cotiperative relation to said ratchet] teeth, and key and space bars operatively pressed as in the ordinary operation of typeconnected with said carriage feed and escapement mechanism; of means for causing said-mechanism to double space when I said space bar and one of said keybars are simultaneously operated.

5.- In a type-writing machine, the combination with a carriage feed and escapement Shaving mechanism includin an escapement wheel two' rows alternately ratchet teeth and a rocker carryin 7 'wheel in'cooperative relation to sai ratchet teeth, and a type-bar actuated universal bar connected to r causing said mechanism to double space when said space- I wheel having'two rows of alternately arranged ratchet teeth and a rocker carrying a dog wheel in cooperative relation to said v ratchet teeth, and key and space-bars oper- 1 ativelyconnected withdsaid mechanism; of; 1 space control-mechanism operatively connected therewith, means for re ulating said 5 means for 5 connecting' said space control mechanism f space control mechanism, an

with said space bar;

.8. In a ty e-writing machine, the combination of a I vided with a shaft having a pinion mes 'ng with said rack, a rocker carrying a dog wheel cooperating with said ratchet wheel,

stop mechanism cooperating with said dog wheel, and arranged mechanlsm.

eed rack,'a ratchet wheel ro- 1 Ians for oscillating'said rocker and dog wh 'li a ratchet wheel, a sha t carrying said ratchet wheel and provided with a pinion meshing with said rack, a rocker carrying a dog wheel adapted to cooperate with the teeth of said ratchet wheel, and detent members adapted to be engaged by said dog wheel.

10. In a typewritin machine, the combination with a feed rac and a ratchet wheel cooperatively connected therewith; of a rocker carrying a dog wheehadapted to cooperate with the teeth of said ratchet wheel,

to said dog wheel.

nation with a feed rack, and a ratchet wheel carrying a dog wheel, stop mechanismfiir 12. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a feed rack, and a ratchet wheel carrying a dog wheel in cooperative relation to .said' ratchet wheel, stop mechanism for said dog wheel, and key and space bars operatively connected to said rocker and stop In testimony whereof I have aiiixed my signature in presenceof two witnesses.

' EDWARD M. CRAWFORD. Witnesses: I

Y F; T. HAMLIN,

C. A. WICKHAM.

Copies 0! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of intents,

Washington, D. 6

9. In a type-writin machine, a feed rack,-

operatively connected therewith; of a rockefl.

and pinion connected therewith; of a rocker v v 11. In a type-writing machine, the combi:

said dog wheel, and means for oscillating i said rockerand dog wheel. 7. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a feed rack, a ratchet-wheel proi -.vided with a pinion meshing with said -rack, a rocker carrying a dog-wheel in cooperative l relation to said ratchet-wheel, stop me'chanism for said dog-wheel, means for oscillating said rocker and dog-wheel, and means for regulating said stopmechanism.

50' and stop mechanism in cooperative relation 

